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Without technology, fluently calculate the measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode), measures of spread (range, interquartile range), and understand the impact of extreme values (outliers) on each of these values. Justify which measure is appropriate to use when describing a data set or a real-world context.

Construct and interpret scatter plots for bivariate measurement data to investigate patterns of association between two quantities. Describe patterns such as clustering, outliers, positive or negative association, linear association, and nonlinear association.

Know when it is and is not appropriate to use a linear model to make predictions about a data set beyond a given set of values. Explain extrapolation and interpolation and the impact both have on predicted values.

For scatter plots that suggest a linear association, informally fit a straight line and predict the equation for the line of best fit.

Justify the relationship between the correlation coefficient and the rate of change for the line of best fit.