CCSS.Math.Content.4.OA.A.1

Interpret products of whole numbers, e.g., interpret 5 × 7 as the total number of objects in 5 groups of 7 objects each.

Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and up to 5 columns; write an equation to express the total as a sum of equal addends.

Determine the unknown whole number in a multiplication or division equation relating three whole numbers.

Interpret whole-number quotients of whole numbers, e.g., interpret 56 ÷ 8 as the number of objects in each share when 56 objects are partitioned equally into 8 shares, or as a number of shares when 56 objects are partitioned into equal shares of 8 objects each.

Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem.

Understand the meaning of the equal sign, and determine if equations involving addition and subtraction are true or false.