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Teach about the Math of Space Travel: Orbits and Conic Sections with Hidden Figures

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Grade Level Grades 9-12
Resource Type Assessment
Standards Alignment
Common Core State Standards, Next Generation Science Standards

About This Lesson

Check out this fun science and math lesson that uses the film Hidden Figures to support learning!

Hidden Figures has been a popular success, filling theaters all over the country and receiving many award nominations. Its subject is a previously unheralded group of women whose brilliance and dedication provided a foundation for the space program—the black women known as “human computers” who worked at the NASA Center in Langley, Virginia. Faced with obstacles to their own education and to job prospects because of race and gender, these women succeeded in earning places, and eventually respect, in a workplace dominated by male supervisors and colleagues and marked by segregated facilities, from office to restroom, that reflected life in the pre-civil rights era.

Mathematics is at the heart of the film Hidden Figures. It is mathematics that supports the ambitions of the three principal characters, mathematics that fills their days in West Computing, and mathematics that brings John Glenn and later astronauts back from their missions. Calculating orbits was particularly important, and so was the ability to handle immensely large numbers in a manageable way. This lesson gives students the opportunity to strengthen their skills in both calculating orbits and managing huge numbers.

Lesson 5 begins with an investigation of calculations that involve exponents, and from there leads students to apply those rules to calculations involving large numbers. The intention is that students will see the need for scientific notation when dealing with astronomical distances and develop an intuitive understanding of the notation through several mental arithmetic exercises.

Exponential arithmetic and scientific notation are together in the same lesson in order to highlight the connections between the two. When students struggle with scientific notation, it is often because they have learned exponential arithmetic by rote, and because they have not been led to see the connections between scientific notation and exponents.

The first part of the lesson is a sequence of problems that lead the students through some (but not all) of the calculation rules for exponential expressions. Scientific notation is nominally a middle school standard in most schools. However, discomfort with exponents, and in particular with scientific notation, is widespread at all ages. Scientific notation is used throughout Lessons 5 and 6. It is recommended that you start with the problems at the beginning of Lesson 5. 

Enjoy this fun science and math lesson?

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Resources

Files

HiddenFigures_MathSpace Travel_Lesson_05.pdf

Assessment
February 13, 2020
1.16 MB
External resources
Videos
Hidden Figures | Teaser Trailer [HD] | 20th Century FOX
Remote video URL

Standards

Find the area of right triangles, other triangles, special quadrilaterals, and polygons by composing into rectangles or decomposing into triangles and other shapes; apply these techniques in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems.
Solve problems involving scale drawings of geometric figures, including computing actual lengths and areas from a scale drawing and reproducing a scale drawing at a different scale.
Describe the two-dimensional figures that result from slicing three-dimensional figures, as in plane sections of right rectangular prisms and right rectangular pyramids.
Know the formulas for the area and circumference of a circle and use them to solve problems; give an informal derivation of the relationship between the circumference and area of a circle.
Know and apply the properties of integer exponents to generate equivalent numerical expressions.
Use numbers expressed in the form of a single digit times an integer power of 10 to estimate very large or very small quantities, and to express how many times as much one is than the other.
Perform operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation, including problems where both decimal and scientific notation are used. Use scientific notation and choose units of appropriate size for measurements of very large or very small quantities (e.g., use millimeters per year for seafloor spreading). Interpret scientific notation that has been generated by technology.
Describe the effect of dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections on two-dimensional figures using coordinates.
Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to determine unknown side lengths in right triangles in real-world and mathematical problems in two and three dimensions.
Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

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